Chifukwa Chiyani Musankhe Nyumba Zozizira Zotsekedwa?
Jan 22, 2026
Siyani uthenga
Chifukwa Chiyani Musankhe Nyumba Zozizira Zotsekedwa?
Zinsanja zozizira zotsekedwa, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti hermetic cooling towers kapena evaporative air cooler, ndi zida zofunika kwambiri zopezera kusinthanitsa kwa kutentha kwa mafakitale. Lingaliro lawo lalikulu la kapangidwe kawo ndikuzungulira sing'anga yozizira m'makoyilo otsekedwa osalumikizana mwachindunji ndi mpweya wakunja, ndikuchotsa kutentha kudzera pazigawo ziwiri za kutuluka kwa madzi ndi kusuntha kwa mpweya.
Kulinganiza bwino kuzirala, ukhondo wapakatikati ndi kasungidwe kazinthu, akhala zida zoziziritsira zomwe amakonda m'mafakitale monga engineering yamankhwala, zamagetsi, ndi mphamvu zamagetsi.
Pankhani ya kapangidwe kake, zigawo zapakati pa nsanja yozizirira yotsekedwa zimaphatikizanso zotsekera zotsekedwa, makina opopera, mafani, akasinja amadzi, zochotsa madzi, ndi zigawo zonyamula (muzojambula zina). Nthawi zambiri makoyilowa amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zosachita dzimbiri{1}}zosagwira ntchito ngati chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi mkuwa, zokhala ndi zinthu zamadzimadzi zoziziritsidwa (monga madzi akumafakitale, mafuta a hayidiroliki, ndi ma chemical solutions) oyenda mkati.
Makina opopera mofanana amapopera madzi ozizira pakhoma lakunja la ma koyilo kuti apange filimu yopyapyala yamadzi kuti apititse patsogolo kutentha; zimakupiza zimalimbikitsa kutuluka kwa mpweya kuti ifulumizitse kutuluka kwa filimu yamadzi ndi kutaya kutentha; drift eliminator imateteza bwino madontho a madzi kuti asatengedwe ndi mpweya, kupewa kutaya madzi komanso kuwononga chilengedwe.
Kagwiridwe kake ka ntchito kangagawike m'masitepe atatu: choyamba,-chimadzi chamadzi cha kutentha chimayenda kudzera m'makoyilo otsekedwa, kutengera kutentha kunja kudzera mu khoma la chubu;
Chachiwiri, madzi opopera amapanga filimu yamadzi pakhoma lakunja la ma coils, omwe amasanduka nthunzi kuti atenge kutentha kwakukulu (kuwerengera pafupifupi 80% ya kutentha kwa kutentha), ndipo madzi otsalawo amagwera mu thanki yamadzi kuti abwezeretsenso;
potsiriza, zimakupiza amayendetsa mpweya kuyenda mwa koyilo ndi kulongedza wosanjikiza, kuchotsa nthunzi madzi ndi mbali ya kutentha wanzeru kumaliza kutentha umuna. Malinga ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kozungulira, zidazo zimatha kusinthana pakati pa njira zitatu zogwirira ntchito: kutulutsa madzi, mtundu wowuma, ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa, kulinganiza mphamvu zamagetsi ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi.
Poyerekeza ndi nsanja zoziziritsira zakale zotseguka,ali ndi zabwino zitatu zazikulu. Choyamba, ali ndi mphamvu zoletsa{1}}kuwononga chilengedwe. Kutsekedwa kotsekedwa kwamadzi opangira zinthu kumatha kupewa kusakanikirana konyansa, okosijeni kapena dzimbiri, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kuziziritsa mwatsatanetsatane zida ndi media zodula.
Kachiwiri, ali ndi mphamvu yopulumutsa madzi-, zomwe zimangofunika madzi owonjezera kuti athetse kutayika kwa nthunzi, ndi madzi otsika ndi 30% ~ 50% kuposa a nsanja zozizirirapo zotseguka, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zamakampani opulumutsa madzi{3}}. Chachitatu, kuwongolera kutentha ndi kolondola komanso kokhazikika.
Posintha liwiro la mafani ndi mapampu amadzi kudzera pakusintha pafupipafupi, kuwongolera kutentha kwa madzi kumatha kufika ± 0.5 digirii, kukwaniritsa{1}}zofunikira kwambiri zamafakitale monga ma semiconductors ndi mankhwala. Pakalipano, njira yowuma yowuma m'nyengo yozizira imatha kupulumutsa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito pampu yamadzi ndikuchepetsanso ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito.
Ngakhale mtengo woyamba wa ndalama ndi kukonzansanja zozizirirapo zotsekedwandizokwera pang'ono kuposa za nsanja zozizirirapo zotseguka, ubwino wake pachitetezo cha madzi, kasungidwe ka mphamvu, katetezedwe ka chilengedwe ndi kusasunthika kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zinthu zimawapangitsa kukhala okwera mtengo-kutsika mtengo m'kupita kwanthawi-kungofuna kukwera.
Ndikupita patsogolo kwa kukweza kwa mafakitale komanso cholinga cha "dual carbon", nsanja zozizirira zotsekedwa zimasintha pang'onopang'ono zida zachikhalidwe ndikukhala chisankho chachikulu pamakina oziziritsira mafakitale.
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