Zinsanja zozizirira zotsekedwa ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi nsanja zozizirira zotseguka

 

 

 

 

Monga zida wamba zosinthira kutentha m'mafakitale ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya, nsanja zoziziritsa zotsekedwa zimasiyana kwambiri ndi nsanja zozizilitsa zotseguka pamikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito, kapangidwe kake, mawonekedwe a magwiridwe antchito, ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito. Ngakhale kuti onsewa amayesetsa kukwaniritsa kutentha ndi kuzizira, malingaliro awo oyambirira a mapangidwe ndi malo ogwirira ntchito ndi osiyana kwambiri, omwe amakhudza mwachindunji kusankha kwawo ndi ntchito zawo muzogwiritsira ntchito. Zotsatirazi ndikufanizitsa mwatsatanetsatane nsanja ziwiri zojambulira.

 

 

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kutsekedwa ndilotseguka yozizira nsanja mabodzamu mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimatsimikiziranso mawonekedwe awo onse ogwira ntchito. Tsegulani nsanja zoziziritsa kukhosi zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira kutentha: -kutentha kwamadzi ozungulira amawongoleredwa mofanana pansanjika yonyamula katundu kudzera pa makina opopera, kupanga filimu yopyapyala yamadzi yomwe imakhudzana ndi mpweya woyendetsedwa ndi chiwopsezo cha fa chimapezeka makamaka kudzera m'njira ziwiri: kusinthanitsa kwanzeru pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya, ndi kutentha kobisika, komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono. 80% ya kutentha kwathunthu. Pambuyo pa kusinthanitsa kutentha, madzi ozizira amagwera pansi pa sump ndikuponyedwa m'dongosolo kuti ayendetse. Komabe, mkati mwa njira yake, madzi oyendayendawo amawonekera mwachindunji kumpweya, kuwapangitsa kukhala tcheru kusanganikirana ndi fumbi, zonyansa, ndi tizilombo tating’ono ta m’chilengedwe.

 

 

 

 

Mosiyana ndi izi, kuziziritsa kotsekedwa ndi njira yosalunjika yolumikizana ndi kutentha. Njira yamadzimadzi yomwe imayenera kukhazikika imazungulira mkati mwa koyilo yotsekedwa, osakhudzana mwachindunji ndi mpweya wakunja. Makina opopera amapopera madzi ozizira pamwamba pa koyilo, kupanga filimu yamadzi. Kutentha kochokera ku-kutentha kwambiri kwamadzimadzi mkati mwa koyilo kumasamutsidwa kupita kumadzi opopera kudzera mu khoma la chubu, ndipo fan ya e imayendetsa mpweya kuti uchotse kutenthako kudzera mu nthunzi ndi kusuntha. Madzi opopera amagwera mu sump kuti ayendetse, pamene njira yamadzimadzi imakhalabe yoyera komanso yopanda kutulutsa kunja. Komanso, zoziziritsa zotsekedwa zimatha kusinthana ndi-zozizira zonse, dry mode, ndi hybrid mode malinga ndi kutentha kozungulira, kulinganiza mphamvu zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kuteteza madzi.

 

 

Mogwirizana ndi mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zigawo zamapangidwe a nsanja ziwiri zoziziritsa zimasiyananso kwambiri. Zinsanja zozizirira zotseguka zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, makamaka okhala ndi nsanja, wosanjikiza, makina opopera, sump, ndi drift eliminator. Wonyamula katundu wosanjikiza nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi PVC malata mbale ndi lalikulu enieni pamwamba ara (mpaka 200-400 masikweya mita pa kiyubiki mita) kupititsa patsogolo kukhudzana madzi ndi mpweya. The drift eliminator imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutayika kwa madzi, komanso kulumikizidwa ndi dongosolo lozungulira. Ngakhale kuti ndizosavuta kuyeretsa, zimakhalanso zosavuta kukulitsa ndi kukula kwa algae.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Zinsanja zozizirirapo zotsekedwa zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri, pomwe choyambira chake chimakhala chotsekeka, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena mkuwa, chomwe chimakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba (1.6-2.5 MPa) komanso kusinthasintha kwamafuta. Kuphatikiza pa mapemphelo, zimakupiza, ndi sump, ali ndi zida zothamangitsira kuti madzi opopera asatengedwe ndi mpweya. Mitundu ina ilinso ndi ayezi oletsa kuzizira-monga matepi otenthetsera magetsi kuti agwirizane ndi malo osatentha kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kwa coil,nsanja zozizirirapo zotsekedwaali ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi mpweya kuposa nsanja zozizirira zotseguka, motero mafani omwe amatsagana nawo amakhala okwera.

 

 

Pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito, mitundu yonse iwiri ya nsanja zozizirira ili ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Zinsanja zoziziritsa zotseguka zimapereka zabwino monga kutentha kwambiri kwa kutentha, mawonekedwe osavuta, ndalama zoyambira zochepa, komanso ndalama zochepetsera kukonza. Angathe kuchepetsa kutentha kwa madzi kudzera mu kusinthana kwa kutentha kwachindunji, kuwapanga kukhala oyenera malo ozizirirapo-pamafakitale akuluakulu omwe kufunikira kwa madzi sikokwera kwambiri. Komabe, amadya madzi ochulukirapo ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa nthunzi, ndipo madzi oyendayenda amatha kuipitsidwa, zomwe zimafuna kuti madzi azitsuka pafupipafupi kuti awonongeke ndi kukulitsa.

 

 

Nyumba zozizirirapo zotsekedwa zimapambana pachitetezo cha madzi komanso kupewa kuwononga chilengedwe, zomwe zimawononga 30%-50% yamadzi ocheperako poyerekeza ndi nsanja zozizirirapo zotseguka. The ndondomeko madzimadzi cir mu kuzungulira chatsekedwa, kupewa makutidwe ndi okosijeni, dzimbiri, ndi kuipitsidwa, amene bwino amatalikitsa moyo utumiki wa zida zolumikizidwa. Iwo ndi oyenera mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane ndondomeko kuzirala. Komabe, ndalama zawo zoyambira pakukonza ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha chotchinga cha makoma a koyilo, mphamvu yawo yochotsa kutentha ndi yotsika pang'ono kuposa nsanja zozizirira zotseguka.

 

 

Kusiyana kumeneku kumatsimikizira mwachindunji zochitika zawo. Zinsanja zozizirira zotseguka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale amagetsi, mphero zachitsulo, makina oziziritsa a mafakitale ambiri, ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya wapakati, pomwe zofunika zamadzi sizokwera komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi ozungulira ndikofunikira. Zinsanja zozizira zotsekedwa ndizoyenera kwambiri pazochitika zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi abwino kwambiri, monga makina olondola, kupanga zamagetsi, ndi mafakitale a mankhwala / chakudya, komanso madera omwe ali ndi kusowa kwa madzi kapena malo ovuta. Ndiwoyeneranso kuziziritsa zowononga kapena zodula ngati njira za asidi ndi mayankho a ethylene glycol.

 

 

 

 

Mwachidule, nsanja zotsekedwa zotsekedwa ndi nsanja zozizirirapo zotseguka zimasiyana kwambiri ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito, kapangidwe kake, magwiridwe antchito, ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito. Malo ozizirirapo otsegula amayang'ana kwambiri mtengo-wogwira ntchito moyenera komanso moyenera, pomwe nyumba zozizirirapo zotsekedwa zimalimbikitsa kusunga madzi, kupewa kuipitsidwa, komanso kusakhazikika. Muzochita zogwiritsidwa ntchito, mtundu woyenera uyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni monga madzi abwino, kumwa madzi, kutentha kwa kutentha, ndi ndalama zopangira ndalama kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti njira yozizirirayo ikhale yokhazikika komanso yabwino.