Chinsinsi Chakuzizira Kwambiri: Kodi Kutaya kwa Kutentha kwa Evaporative Kumazizira Motani Malo Opangira Zida?

Nsanja yozizira ndi chipangizo chosinthira kutentha pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya. Zimakhala ndi chimango chomangika, mapanelo am'mbali okonzera, fani, mota, zinthu zodzaza, makina ogawa madzi, nsanja ya nsanja, ndi beseni lotolera madzi. Kusinthana kwa kutentha kumapezeka makamaka chifukwa cha kutenthedwa kwapakati-mpweya wotentha (woyendetsedwa ndi fani) ndi madzi muzinthu zodzaza, potero amachepetsa kutentha kwa madzi. Kwa mapulojekiti apakati pa data, kutentha kwathunthu kwa zida ndi zida zamagetsi kumakhalabe kokhazikika. Dongosolo lamadzi ozizira, makina oziziritsira madzi, ndi kapangidwe ka nsanja yozizirira ndizofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti kuzizira kosalekeza m'chipinda cha makompyuta. Choncho, nyumba zozizirirapo zimayenera kugwira ntchito mwaka wonse{{6}nthawi zonse (malo osungira zinthu m'madera akumpoto nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito madzi{7}}ozizirira opanda madzi m'mbali mwa madzi ozizira, omwe amakhalanso chaka chonse).

Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Cooling Towers

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya nsanja zozizirira imatengera kutentha kwa evaporative ndi kusamutsa kwakukulu. Motsogozedwa ndi fani, madzi otentha amawathira pamwamba pa zinthu zotayira kutentha ndipo amakumana ndi mpweya wosuntha womwe ukudutsamo. Panthawiyi, kutentha ndi kusinthana kwa chinyezi kumachitika pakati pa madzi otentha ndi mpweya wozizira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mbali ina ya madzi otentha imasanduka nthunzi, ndipo kutentha kobisika kwa nthunzi kumatulutsidwa mumlengalenga. Potsirizira pake, madzi ozizirawo amagwera m’thanki yamadzi, ndiyeno amazunguliranso ku zipangizo zofunika kuti agwiritsenso ntchito. M'zinsanja zozizira zonyowa, madzi otentha amakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu pamene mpweya ukuyenda pamwamba pa madzi umakhala ndi kutentha kochepa. Madziwo amasamutsa kutentha kumlengalenga, komwe kumauchotsa ndi kuutaya mumlengalenga. Madzi amachotsa kutentha kwa mpweya m'njira zitatu: (1) Kutengera kutentha kwanzeru; (2) Evaporative kutentha kutengerapo; (3) Kutengerapo kutentha kwa radiation.Nsanja zozizira makamaka zimadalira njira ziwiri zoyambira kutentha. Kutumiza kwa kutentha kwa ma radiation ndikosayenera chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa. Zina mwa izo, kutentha kwa evaporative kumachitika kudzera mu kusamutsidwa kwakukulu, makamaka kufalikira kosalekeza kwa mamolekyu amadzi mumlengalenga. Mamolekyu a m'madzi amakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana, ndipo mphamvu zake zambiri zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kutentha kwa madzi. Pafupi ndi pamwamba pa madzi, mamolekyu ena amadzi okhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri ya kinetic amagonjetsa mphamvu zokopa za mamolekyu oyandikana nawo, kuthawa pamwamba pa madzi, ndikukhala nthunzi wamadzi. Pamene -mamolekyu amphamvuwa amatuluka, mphamvu ya madzi pafupi ndi pamwamba imachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwa madzi kutsika. Uku ndi kutengera kutentha kwa evaporative. Amakhulupirira kuti mamolekyu amadzi otuluka nthunzi amayamba kupanga mpweya wochepa kwambiri wa mpweya pafupi ndi madzi, ndi kutentha kofanana ndi kwamadzi. Mlingo wa nthunzi wa madzi umasiyana kuchokera mumlengalenga wodzaza ndi mpweya umadalira kusiyana kwa mpweya wa madzi mu saturated layer ndi umene uli mumlengalenga.

Mapangidwe Oyambira a Cooling Towers

Tower frame: Imapereka chithandizo chakunja.

Zinthu zodzaza kutentha: Zimakulitsa malo osinthira kutentha pakati pa madzi ndi mpweya.

Tanki yosungira madzi (beseni la madzi ozizira): Yokhala pansi pa nsanja yozizirira kuti itenge madzi ozizira.

Mabotolo ogawa madzi: Onetsetsani kuti madzi amagawidwa mofanana pazitsulo zodzaza ndi kutentha.

Axial flow fan: Imathandizira kutuluka kwa mpweya.

Kugawikana ndi Flow Direction of Water and Air

Zinsanja zoziziritsa zimagawidwa m'magulu oziziritsa omwe amatuluka komanso nsanja zozizilitsa zodutsana kutengera komwe madzi ndi mpweya zimayendera.

Counterflow Cooling Towers

Tower body: Yoyenera madera okhala ndi mayendedwe osinthasintha.

Zida zodzaza madzi: Zoyenera malo okhala ndi madzi abwino.

Fan: Ma Counterflow Towers amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwapamwamba pang'ono, ndipo mitundu ina imafunikira ma mota omwe ali ndi mphamvu zokwera pang'ono.

Zolepheretsa zachilengedwe: nsanja imodzi yodutsamo yachitsanzo chomwecho imakhala ndi malo ambiri kuposa nsanja ya counterflow. Komabe, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito nsanja zingapo, nsanja zodutsa zimatha kulumikizidwa mofananira, pomwe nsanja zowerengera zimafunikira mtunda wopitilira theka la nsanja pakati pa mayunitsi awiri. Motero, nsanja zophatikizika zophatikizika zimatha kuchepetsa malo apansi. Ma Counterflow Towers ndiabwino m'madera omwe ali ndi nyumba zokwera-zokwera, zochulukira, zochulukira, kapena zotenthetsera zina, komanso m'malo ofunikira zinsanja zochepa zozizirira, chifukwa chakung'ambika kwake.

Kuyenda ndi phokoso: Kupereka mpweya wabwino, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera madera omwe ali ndi chitetezo chochepa kwambiri cha chilengedwe komanso phokoso.

Kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku: Kusintha kwa zodzaza ndizovuta, kotero ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo okhala ndi madzi abwino komanso mchenga wochepa komanso fumbi.

Crossflow Cooling Towers

Tower body: Crossflow nsanja zimagwiritsa ntchito chimango chachitsulo monga chothandizira chachikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zinthu zambiri komanso thupi lolemera la nsanja poyerekeza ndi nsanja zozungulira. Zikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa mofanana ndipo ndizoyenera malo otseguka.

Zida zodzaza madzi: Kuchuluka kwazinthu zodzaza nsanja za crossflow ndi pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kwa nsanja za counterflow, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mtengo wokwera. Ndioyenera malo okhala ndi madzi opanda madzi.

Zolepheretsa zachilengedwe: Mipanda yophatikizika kapena yayikulu yodutsa ndi yoyenera malo otseguka okhala ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kwa madzi ozizira komanso malo ochepa, chifukwa amagwirizana kwambiri ndi nyumba zozungulira.

Drift ndi phokoso: nsanja za Crossflow zimakhala ndi liwiro lotsika lolowera mpweya kuposa nsanja zosinthira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotayika zazing'ono (0.005% ya nsanja zodutsamo motsutsana ndi 0.1% ya nsanja zozungulira). Phokoso lochokera kunsanja za counterflow makamaka zimachokera ku kugwa kwa madzi ndi ntchito za mafani, pamene nsanja zodutsana zimapanga phokoso la mafani ndi phokoso lochepa la madzi. Chifukwa chake, phokoso lonse la nsanja zodutsamo ndi locheperapo poyerekeza ndi nsanja za counterflow, ngakhale ma Ultra-nsanja zotsika phokoso zimagwiranso ntchito mwakachetechete. Mwachidule, nsanja za crossflow zimagwira bwino ntchito m'malo okhala ndi phokoso lolimba komanso zofunikira zoteteza chilengedwe.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu: nsanja za Crossflow zili ndi malo olowera mpweya akulu, kuthamanga kwa mphepo, komanso kutayika pang'ono, kotero mitundu ina imakhala ndi mphamvu zocheperako zamagalimoto kuposa nsanja za counterflow. Poyerekeza mtengo, zolipirira zoyendera, zolipirira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagalimoto zamitundu iwiriyi, ndalama zake zonse zimakhala zofanana mkati mwa zaka 2-4. Kutalikirapo kwa moyo wautumiki, kumachepetsa mtengo wachibale wa nsanja zodutsa.

Kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku: Kusintha ndi kukonza zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'nsanja zodutsa ndizovuta, pomwe kukonza makina ogawa madzi ndikusintha ma sheet odzaza munsanja zotuluka ndizovuta. Ma Crossflow towers amatha kusintha ma projekiti omwe alibe madzi abwino ndipo amafunikira kukonza kosavuta kwatsiku ndi tsiku kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.